Рубрика: hieroblogs

Сегодня опять много интересного.

• Equipment for Wedding Photographers. Отличный обзор оборудования для свадебного фотографа. Шикарно живут, надо сказать. Насколько я знаю, в нашей стране наличие двух вспышек и зонта — уже большое «достижение» для свадебного бомбилы.
  

  Should you try to take professional quality wedding images with a Canon Rebel XTi and the kit lens? The answer is no. However, any digital SLR body combined with a decent lens (see below) is a good start. This article will explain the equipment that a typical wedding photographer uses and some of the reasoning behind those choices.

• 10 Photoshop Tutorials to take your Photography from Good to Great. Десяток уроков фотошопа для фотографов.
  

  In the hands of a skilled user, Adobe Photoshop is a tool that can make an average image sensational. The following 10 tutorials provide instructions that will teach you how to make the most out of your images. From color treatment, to sharpening, to trendy effects, these techniques can be handy for a variety of situations.

• Think You Can Quit Your Job and Be a Work-at-Home Photographer?. Хотите бросить скучную работу и стать профессиональным фотографом? Подумайте хорошенько перед тем, как решиться на этот шаг.
  

  It’s the dream of many amateur photographers. A chance to walk into the boss’s office, announce that you’re leaving and head home to a studio in the garage, an SUV full of camera equipment and a diary full of high-paying bookings.

• Photographing Victims. Ссылка в тему недавнего стрипа про уток. Размышления на тему: насколько этично фотографировать жертв трагедий.
  

  I was checking the stats section of the blog lately and there was a link to a Strobist discussion group regarding the ethics of photographing an accident. The discussion grew and morphed into a general question of should I shoot or should I not shoot in pretty much any spot news situation. I had kind of taken a long break from any discussion of ethics but this made me think I would do at least one more. How do you know when to shoot victims and when not to?

• Models. Оказывается, фотографии актеров оказываются на обложках журналов и газет вовсе не из-за их популярности. Все дело в харизме.
  

  Why do magazines put actors on the cover? Face recognition? Popularity? Because everyone is dying to hear their political views and what kind of toast they eat for breakfast? No, there’s absolutely no correlation between an actors popularity and newsstand sales. It has to do with that elusive trait called charisma. Actors have the unique ability to forge an emotional connection with their audience on film. This is also why hiring a model with a perfect face and body and ignoring other more important qualities can turn into such a disaster for a photographer.

• 1 strobe, 5 lights in Photography for Real Estate. Отличный способ заменить несколько вспышек одной при съемке интерьера со сложной геометрией и освещением. В плюсах отсутствие возни с синхронизацией, в минусах — придется потрудиться в фотошопе.
  

  With this Photoshop method you can just expose correctly for the brightest part of the scene, then add as many strobes as you need one at a time. In post PS justs blends in the lighter area of each frame.

• Packing Photography Gear. Два видеоролика про транспортировку фотооборудования.
  

  PROBLEM: Traveling with cameras, lenses, lights, computers and all the rest of the gear that us photographers use these days can be a serious challenge. After all, this stuff is spendy and breakable, yet it needs to travel to the same places that photographers do to make great pictures. From urban jungles like the Big Apple to the real jungles of Zimbabwe, traveling with photography equipment requires some special know-how.

• Редактирование маски в Фотошопе. Вот жеж, я тоже не знал. Там в комментариях еще пара хитростей есть.
  

  Если у слоя есть маска, то чтобы её отредактировать ты щёлкаешь в неё. Но при этом ты продолжаешь видеть перед собой саму картинку, а не маску, что иногда неудобно. Оказывается, если кликнуть по маске с нажатым альтом, то тогда станет видно саму маску и её можно будет редактировать более осмысленно. Клик на самом изображении слоя или в любой другой слой переводит обратно в обычный режим. А вот клик с альт-шифтом позволяет увидеть и слой, и маску сразу (маска станет красненькой, как в режиме Quick Mask).

• Portrait lighting video demonstration. Видео про студийный свет.
  

  Here’s a neat video series of Ken Henderson (enjoyingphotography.co.uk) taken earlier this year as he demonstrates studio lighting equipment, techniques, and the art of building a rapport with your model(s), who in this case happens to be Celia Thompson of the same website. It’s really quite an interesting video if you’re new to studio lighting or if you want a refresher.

• 7 ошибок начинающих или как не надо фотографировать. Любопытный перечень. При желании таких списков можно настрогать мильон и маленькую тележку. Толку то? А совет, на мой взгляд, только один: думать надо, когда снимаешь — что снимаешь, как снимаешь и зачем снимаешь.
  

  В связи с заведением блога решил пересмотреть всю свою коллекцию фотографий, а это порядка 5000 совершенно разных снимков. И среди этого разнообразия десяток одних и тех же ошибок. Вот этот список с комментариями и примерами. Фотографии-примеры, сами понимаете, неудачные, так как иллюстрируют ошибки. Читайте и запоминайте, как не надо фотографировать!

• Understanding Colour Depth. Все о глубине цвета.
  

  Well, maybe. You see, colour quality, known more accurately as “colour depth” is actually a pretty intricate science – one that is incredibly important, but very rarely discussed. Why? Well, let’s just start with the fact that you’d be surprised how many of the current displays on the market fall short of expectations. We’ll get into more detail on that later, though.
  The truth is, colour depth is an inexact science from the start – not because of the digital aspects of it, but because of the so-called “analogue” aspects of our eyes (something we’ll also touch on). In fact, there’s a myriad of variables that determine whether you’ll ever see the benefits of that highest setting on your system.

• Focusing on the Unfocused Photos. О нерезкости, как о художественном приеме.
  

  A sharp focus with crisp detail is generally one of the most sought after features in a photo. How many times have you thrown out a photo because your auto-focus was off a little?

• Photography in Public Places wallet card. Памятка о правах фотографа в Англии — распечатать и положить в карман. Хорошо им, английским фотографам.
  

  In a discussion on the Ephotozine forums about Phil Smith being stopped by Ipswich police and requested to delete his images, one site member, Dave (going by the pseudonym of Mad-Dog’s) detailed a card he carries summarising the law concerning photography in the UK.

• Step-by-Step: Male Model Shoot. Простенький сетап для съемки портрета. Кстати, что касается получившегося результата, то тень на фоне мне кажется лишней. Обратите внимание на блог, в котором опубликован этот урок, — самый что ни на есть свежачок. Два месяца ему всего.
  

  This shoot originated because the model left me a positive commentary and a request that we work together in the future. After examining the model’s portfolio and seeing his look (which is fairly standard, but quite attractive), I contacted the model to discuss ideas for the shoot. I wanted to add some male fashion style images to my portfolio, as well as do a little experimentation with some fitness oriented shots. This dovetailed nicely with the model’s desires, and thus we agreed on a trade shoot.

• D3 or D300? Том Хоган разродился десятком самоочевидных мыслей на тему: что выбрать — D300 или D3.
  

  Some ways of thinking about the differences between the two cameras.

• Photography and magic and Nikon CLS. Почему никоновская система креативного освещения (CLS) не всегда хорошо работает на пленэре.
  

  CLS allows your camera to talk wirelessly to external flashes through a series of light pulses generated by the main flash just before the exposure. It’s not radio. This means that, in general, the camera needs to have a clear line of sight to the camera. A direct line of sight isn’t that important indoors, however, because walls and furniture allow the pulses to bounce around the room and trigger the flash regardless of its orientation.

• Automatic Geotagging with GPS Compact Flash Card. Изящное решение — запихать GPS прямо во флешку. Информация о координатах пишется на-лету прямо в EXIF снимков. Подозреваю, однако, что поддерживаться будет только формат JPEG.
  

  A new company, Geo-Card, has come up with a different solution to geotagging photos on-the-fly. These new Compact Flash cards have a built-in GPS receiver and microcontroller that automatically inserts geotag information right into your photos as they are written to the card — and they’re fast enough to keep up with even the fastest of cameras at 15fps. The cards are available in 1GB, 2GB, and 4GB capacities.

• Great Output. Электронный журнал для фотографов. Основная тема — печать.
  

  GREAT OUTPUT is our bi-monthly printed publication for photographers who want to know more about how to print, finish, display, and sell digital images. Eileen Fritch continues her leadership role in compiling and editing newsworthy and commentary content that has, over the last three years, earned a quality reputation and built a loyal following.

• More Thoughts on Concert Photography. Тонкости концертной фотографии.
  

  It took me longer than it should have to realize how much this simple adjustment would impact the pictures. A lot of times I’ll put my Canon 30D in aperture priority mode to let it figure out what the various levels should be. I tell the camera what aperture I want, and it selects the shutter speed. In a concert though, this just won’t work. Why you ask? Well, just read what we noted already… the people on stage may well be running around like banshees, and that means you need a fast shutter if you want to get clear shots.

• Снимайте разные планы. Хороший совет. Снимайте больше — и люди к вам потянутся.
  

  Привычка всегда делать четыре кадра полезна не только с той точки зрения, что заказчику можно будет продать на три снимка больше 🙂 Это полезно так же и с точки зрения обучения — спустя некоторое время вы можете попробовать различное кадрирование общего плана, чтобы понять, можно ли было сделать более удачными крупные планы.

• Ошибки при обработке цвета: часть IV, линейная гамма. Продолжаем разговор.
  

  Из опыта известно, что цифровой шум в тенях чаще всего возникает при обработке данных с линейной «гаммой», а это те изображения, которые мы получаем с линейных сенсоров: цифровых камер и сканеров. Давайте посмотрим, что будет с ошибками на тестовых примерах.

• Ring Flash. Еще один очень дешевый вариант самодельной кольцевой вспышки. Выглядит смешно.
  

  I have just completed my DIY ring flash. I think it turned out great, plus the cost was less than $20.00 This flash was made with Home Depot materials, and things laying around the studio.

• Про школы. Куда пойти учиться фотографировать.
  

  В связи с тем, что эти вопросы задают постоянно, и отвечать каждый раз одно и то же мне уже надоело, вот развернутый ответ на вопрос “а куда пойти учиться фотографии?”.

• A look at flash angles and basic flash scenarios. Пара простеньких примеров работы с выносной вспышкой.
  

  As a way of showing the power of taking the flash off camera, I took time today to do a series of images using battery strobes.

• How to shoot a waterfall. Учимся фотографировать водопады.
  

  I continually come across photographs of waterfalls and they seem to lack something. I wonder if the owner just doesn’t understand what their camera is capable of or they just don’t care. But anyway I wanted to note what natural resources I rely on (such as weather) but also the technical aspects such as shutter speeds. I just find it amazing that people come across waterfalls with such potential and if they just took their time for a extra minute then I think the shot would be of much higher standard.

• Huge List of Adobe Illustrator Plugins & Filters & Tools. Много-много плагинов, фильтров и инструментов для Adobe Illustrator.
  

  If you are an Adobe Illustrator user, then this mega-list of Adobe Illustrator Plug-ins is just what you are looking for.

Сегодня в выпуске будет много интересного. Читайте внимательно.

• Underwater flash flavor magic. «Парад невест» говорите, а слабо невесту в бассейне снять?
  

  The idea for shooting under came to me after some serious soul searching for a new(er) idea. The first underwater photo I had ever seen was from Larry Peters, (a senior portrait photographer in Ohio). Not only is shooting in UW time consuming and challenging, it is also very expensive! I had a very sizable initial investment to purchase an UW housing for my 5d, UW flash, UW port, Accessories and DRESSES. I never intended shooting UW to be a Trash the dress so I actually purchased 3 wedding dresses from 3 different type of materials to learn how each would respond to the treatment.

• Confessions of a Photographer. Интересные видео-уроки по работе со светом (в основном на пленэре). Там четырьмя вспышками человек натуральные чудеса творит.
  

  My name is Bert Stephani and I’m a professional photographer based in Zaventem, Belgium. Most of my work consists of portraiture, kids, weddings and corporate photography. At the moment I don’t really want to specialize in one particular field. I’d rather specialize in telling stories, showing emotions and revealing my subjects character.

• WARNING – cactus/e-bay triggers affect CMOS sensors. Мде, оказывается популярные нонче среди стробистов радиосинхронизаторы Cactus не очень здорово дружат с CMOS-сенсорами кэноновских тушек.
  

  so I did the cactus radio trigger mod (antenna on the transmitter) and to my surprise I discovered the following effect

• Pretty Girl Shooter. Блог гламурно-эротического фотографа. Он там секретами мастерства делится. Картинки в блоге — ну, сами понимаете, чай не маленькие.
  

  One Photographer’s Thoughts on the Art and Craft of Glamour Photography.
  All Photos Contained Herein Depict Models 18 Years of Age or Older.
  This Glamour Photography Site Contains Images That Are Not Intended for Visitors Under the Age of 18 Years. It Provides Informative Discussions and Illustrative Examples of the Art and Craft of Glamour Photography. If You are Under 18 Years of Age or are Offended by Artful Representations of the Human Form, This Site is Not for You.

• 6 Tips for Bulletproof Aquarium Photography. Учимся фотографировать аквариум.
  

  Aquarium photography can pose some some unique challenges you won’t find pretty much anywhere else. The combination of the low-light without a tripod, thick & dirty glass, hyperactive kids, and floating debris can make getting a good shot a challenge. Here are a few tips to make sure you get the shot.

• Most Popular DSLR Lenses. Любопытные результаты опроса: какой ваш любимый объектив. Особенно если сравнивать результаты для систем Canon и Nikon.
  

  Today I waded through all of the comments left and identified the most popular DSLR lenses mentioned. I’ve arranged them in three categories – Canon (89 votes cast), Nikon (68 votes mentioned) and Other (13 votes). These are the categories because Canon and Nikon lenses were mentioned by most comment leavers where as there was a much smaller representation of all other brands.

• How to Keep Your Job and Be a Part Time Photographer. Как подрабатывать фотографией. Сам хотел написать что-то подобное, посколько именно так и складываются мои отношения с фотографией, но пока не собрал достаточно материала (в частности, так пока и не пробовал микростоки).
  

  Not everyone wants to be a full-time photographer. There are plenty of people who love shooting images and taking beautiful pictures — and who still want to keep doing a day job they enjoy and which they can count on to pay the mortgage.

• Ошибки при обработке цвета: I. 8-битные изображения, матричные профили. Ух-ты, а мужики то и не знают. Интересно, что мы увидим на 16 и 32 битах.
  

  Bruce Lindbloom подошел к проблеме вплотную и показал, что для специального синтезированного изображения со всеми возможными цветами (16 млн цветов в 8-битном RGB-изображении) цикл конверсии sRGB->LAB->sRGB оставляет только 2 млн разных цветов из исходных 16 млн.
  Простые упражнения с фотошопом (прогнать картинку по циклу RGB->LAB->RGB, а потом посмотреть разницу через Image—>Calculations) показали, что разница по красному каналу достигает 24 единиц т.е. речь идет о 5 битах ошибки в 8-битном изображении.

• Photo of the Day: November 15, 2007. Забавно.
  

  Flickr user musely gets a gold star today for both effort and execution, for this clever series of shots lining up currency with the D.C. buildings depicted on them. We suspect this is one of those things that seems simple, but in practice is a lot more difficult than it looks to get everything in focus and lined up perfectly. The nice thing about our city? You can tour all those landmarks and plenty more without ever having to take any of that $85 out of your pocket.

• Документы на фото. Очень хорошая статья о правах фотографов в нашей стране. И еще хорошее обсуждение темы фотосъемки незнакомых людей на улице. Оттуда еще две ссылки Как снимать на улице и Как избежать неприятностей.
  

  Имеете ли вы право фотографировать в магазине? В аэропорту? Снять на улице симпатичную девушку? Даже вопросы порой звучат двусмысленно, а чтобы найти четкие ответы, корреспонденту “ИП” Андрею Гулютину пришлось проверить все возможные риски на себе.

• 20 Simple, Useful, Clever, Fun Ways to Get Better Photos. А советы, кстати, вовсе не для чайников. Заголовок обманчив.
  

  It can take forever for an AF system to find focus with flash photography in low light. To get the shot quicker, switch to manual focus and prefocus as best you can. Then set the aperture to f/8 or f/11 so that the depth of field covers your estimate.

• If I only had one lens… Занятная постановка вопроса (впрочем, где-то я это уже слышал). Ну, а мой ответ 35/1.4 на кропе или 50/1.4 на фуллфрейм.
  

  Perhaps I am a bit too scatter-brained in my attraction to various subjects and details. I don’t bring a boatload of gear, but often just bring my backpack which is pretty stuffed. I can have a 12-24 wide angle lens on, and the next minute want to change to 400 mm to photograph basically the same subject, or portions of it. Lately I have also been using my 24-85 much more frequently. I think I have neglected the ‘normal’ range a bit in my photography. My 70-200 is a workhorse landscape, macro, telephoto lens. On the rare occasion where I can truly concentrate on specific subjects – such as birds – I admit it is a bit of a relief to only carry my one long lens.

• Building the HD Ring Flash. Стробист порадовал оригинальным решением проблемы отсутствия кольцевой вспышки.
  

  I just didn’t have the heart to force-feed you another donut. Even Krispy Kremes get old after three days in a row. Logo or not…

• “If your photographs aren’t good enough, you’re not close enough”. Классная цитата.
  

  I first heard this many years ago when as a young freelance photographer working for AP in southern Europe I suggested to a visiting senior editor that lax security and one of the longest civilian runways in the world made the city’s airport an obvious destination for hijacked aircraft and that the absence in the bureau of any lens longer than an old 200mm would mean that we’d be hard pressed to cover it. ”If your photographs aren’t good enough, you’re not close enough,” he said but what he meant was, “I have other priorities”.

• How Well Do You Really Know Your Camera? Вопросы, помогающие выяснить — насколько хорошо вы знаете свою камеру.
  

  These questions are really aimed at the digital SLR users, so if you’re a compact camera user some of the questions won’t directly apply. Even so, a good chunk of them can be answered with any digital camera. Film users will probably have even less questions that are applicable.

• Gorilla Massacre Video. Жутковатое видео от National Geographic. Ну и фотографии там классные, конечно же.
  

  Photographers Michael Nichols and Brent Stirton explain the significance of the recent gorilla massacres in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

• WedPix: Online Wedding Photography Magazine. Можете смело поднимать меня на смех — я только сейчас узнал о существовании этого сайта.
  

  WedPix, the Wedding Photojournalist Association’s (WPJA) Online Magazine, is a complimentary resource for brides and grooms, photographers, wedding planners and all wedding photojournalism enthusiasts. The articles featured in every issue, cover a vast array of topics, including general wedding photography advice for the couple, technical discussions, feature articles on WPJA award-winning members, business/marketing discussions, and many others.

• When less is more. Отличная статья о минимализме в фотографии. Иллюстрации там тоже отменные.
  

  It can often be incredibly tempting to try and fit more information into a photograph. Understandably so – wherever you turn, you find a barrage of information. Minimalism truly is a lost art in photography, and you’d be surprised to find that it’s actually quite difficult to get right.

• DIY homemade GaryFong Like Light Sphere. Тут народ как с писаной торбой носится с новой приблудой — ведром для вспышки Lightsphere (кстати, если кому надо привезти — я знаю к кому обратиться). Нечто подобное легко сделать самому.
  

  Gary Fong has become a de-facto standard for speed light diffusion. The accessories made by Gary include the famous Lightsphere and lots of other small flash improvements.I have tried to make some flash modifiers in the past, like a flash mounted softbox or an improvised beauty dish. Zond is following this approach with a Lightsphere solution.

• Photoassignment. На Lighting Mods (если не читаете этот замечательный блог, то очень многое теряете) нашел ссылку на этот весьма интересный проект.
  

  This photo blog was born out of the frustration with photo procrastination between three friends. The best way to improve at anything is to practice, a lot. So we made a pact – to complete a photographic assignment every week, no matter what, on everything and anything. This isn’t a competition – there are no judges, no scores. The goal is to become better photographers, and share ideas while we’re doing it.

• Ziser Sets New Off Camera Flash Record. Простенько, но со вкусом используем вторую вспышку при съемке свадьбы.
  

  That’s right, David Ziser used one off-camera flash to create a record number of light directions on the scene!!! OK – already with all the hype – I just wanted to see what it looked like in print. I don’t know if I set any record or not, but I did managed to light this image with only one flash! So you say – OK, Mr. Ziser, How did you get a back light on the subjects along with that very nice loop lighting pattern on their faces, and get the ambient balanced perfectly as well?? If it’s only one flash, then you must have used some “Smoke and Mirrors” for the shot. Well, you would be half right if that’s what you thought – smoke – NO; mirrors – YES.

• National Geographic Grant. Грант на $50 000 от National Geographic для профессиональных фотожурналистов. Сроки приема материала — до 1 февраля 2008 года.
  

  National Geographic awards one Grant for Photography annually to a professional photojournalist. The Grant monies go directly to funding the production of a photography project. The project may be considered for publication in National Geographic magazine and/or the National Geographic magazine website or for possible exhibit at National Geographic headquarters or other venues. Individuals who would like to be considered for the NG Grant must submit a Grant Application according to the guidelines described below.

• Tips on shooting good landscape. Советы по съемке пейзажей.
  

  The question rose on dpreview a few days ago “How to shoot sunsets?” and resulted in a very interesting thread of 42 posts.In this article I will try, once more, to summarize this thread while also introducing to it some of my personal knowledge since I’m quite a landscape photography lover.

• The genius of photography – 3-6. Третья часть сериала BBC. Торрент. Есть и ссылка на eDonkey.Предыдущие две серии.
  

  Right Time, Right Place: The series exploring the history of photography examines how photographers dealt with events like D-Day, the Holocaust and Hiroshima. Some strong language.
  Quicktime export to MP4 using iPod(Best) template
  H264-AAC 640×360

• Ultra high-speed Compact Flash – do you need it?. А нужны ли ультрабыстрые флешки современным камерам? Нужны, но не всем.
  

  Of the three DSLRs we tested standared high speed and UDMA cards with, the fastest shooter – the Canon EOS-40D – worked better with the slower card. This demonstrates that high speed performance is not always enhanced by the use of UDMA cards – if your camera doesn’t state UDMA card support, it’s almost certainly better to stick with 133x high speed cards, both to save money and to maintain optimal performance. The only exception is if you use large cards and don’t want to wait for long periods when emptying them. Even so, you will need to invest in a UDMA card reader and, most likely, a Firewire expansion port. But if you shoot RAW and your camera does support UDMA, you probably will benefit from using UDMA cards.

• Как перестать беспокоиться и начать фотографировать. Весьма интересные мысли о фотокомпозиции. Хочу отметить, что я во многом разделяю мнение автора.
  

  Фотокомпозиции нельзя научить в принципе. Это, как музыкальный слух, либо он есть (в принципе наличие “фотоинтуиции” можно элементарно проверить), и его можно и нужно развивать, либо там “медведь потоптался”, и тут уж извините, остается либо барабан, либо рэп…

• PhotoshopUser TV Episode 107 (November 12, 2007). Очередной выпуск ФотошопТВ. Два интересных урока ретуши фотографий.
• Night photography: Digital and/or film. Некоторые мысли насчет ночной фотографии.
  

  Before the recent rise of the digital SLR, medium format film cameras were often the tool of choice for night photography. For many night photographers this still holds true. Due to longer focal lengths, and film reciprocity, a standard full moon exposure for medium format film can often run in the 15-20 minute range at f/8. With clear skies, a 15-20 minute exposure produces a star trail length that hits a personal sweet spot for me. I will often push the Canon 5D into the 10-12 minute range to get longer star trails. With noise reduction this ties up the camera for 20-25 minutes per shot, giving you shorter star trails than film, and less productivity.

• 5 основ фотомастерства. Сказочная бредятина. Перевод, да? Впрочем, единственное правило «фотомастерства» там все-же приведено — практика. И поменьше теории, а то будете как я снимать.
  

  Итак, пост будет про основы основ фотографии. Это то, на чем базируется искусство фотографии. Это законы, лежащие в основе мастерства фотографа. И, наконец, это принципы, следуя которым, любой новичок может значительно улучшить свои навыки фотографирования.

• Photoshop CS3 Essential Skills/Retouching. Очень даже неплохое руководство по ретуши фотографий в последней версии фотошопа.
  

  Mark Galer has delivered an eSeminar for Adobe on commercial retouching. If you would like to download the slides to this eSeminar download them at the jump.

• DIY Grid/Snoot. Выкройки сотовых насадок для вспышек. Под разные модели.
  

  Photographer Jon MacKinnon, like me, he’s an aficionado for the DIY stuff.

  He contact me a couple of weeks ago saying the he recently started a Discussion group at Flickr concerning my Lighting Mod posts (do you still remember them?) DIY: 580EX Color Gels Printing Diagram and DIY: Black Straws Snoot Grid (Part 1) and the discussions are all about diagrams for different flash models and you can even add your own model if it isn’t already there.

• Photos taken with fast lenses. Тест нескольких очень светосильных стекол.
  

  The hulking Mt. Prospect 90mm lens and the Rodenstock 68mm lens (both are f/1.0) are notably sharper and less “foggy”, despite all lenses being crisp and clear through the viewfinder. A focussing rail would make critical focussing much easier, but at f/1.0 (and f/0.75), there was never a problem with getting a high enough shutter speed to hand-hold the lenses (the 90mm lens is about 2 kilograms!).

• About macro extension tubes. Макрокольца: преимущества, недостатки, альтернативы.
  

  All lenses have a limit to how close they can focus. A typical lens, for example, may not be able to focus on anything closer than 30cm. This is because as objects move closer to the lens, the focal point moves further back, eventually beyond the plane of the film or sensor. An obvious way around this problem is to move the lens further away from the camera. That’s what macro extension tubes do.